{"id":188,"date":"2019-10-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-10-10T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wonder.solidarites.ch\/journal\/%tx_journal_issues%\/la-verite-sur-des-decennies-dinternement-administratif\/"},"modified":"2019-12-17T16:57:22","modified_gmt":"2019-12-17T15:57:22","slug":"la-verite-sur-des-decennies-dinternement-administratif","status":"publish","type":"cpt_sj_article","link":"https:\/\/solidarites.ch\/ne\/journal\/357-2\/la-verite-sur-des-decennies-dinternement-administratif\/","title":{"rendered":"La v\u00e9rit\u00e9 sur des d\u00e9cennies d’internement administratif"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

On estime qu’en Suisse, entre 1930 et 1981, 60\u2009000 personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 intern\u00e9es administrativement.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"La
Urs German, Lorraine Odier, La m\u00e9canique de l\u2019arbitraire\u2009: internements administratifs en Suisse, 1930-1981\u2009: rapport final. Alphil, Neuch\u00e2tel, 2019, collection CIE internements administratifs<\/figcaption>\n
<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n

Cette proc\u00e9dure visait les pauvres, les m\u00e8res c\u00e9libataires, les mendiant\u00b7e\u00b7s, les alcooliques, les homosexuel\u00b7le\u00b7s, les migrant\u00b7e\u00b7s (pour ces dernier\u00b7\u00e8re\u00b7s, c’est toujours une triste r\u00e9alit\u00e9). Du reste, plusieurs intern\u00e9\u00b7e\u00b7s avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 dans leur enfance des \u00ab\u2009enfants plac\u00e9s\u00bb. Dans les ann\u00e9es 1930\u20131940, ces m\u00e9thodes arbitraires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9es par des personnalit\u00e9s comme l’\u00e9crivain Carl Albert Loosli (1877\u20131959) \u2013 lui-m\u00eame ancien intern\u00e9 administratif \u2013 ou le journaliste antifasciste Peter Surava (1912\u20131995).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Travail de m\u00e9moire<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sous la pression d’une initiative populaire, le Parlement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral a accept\u00e9 en 2014 la mise en \u0153uvre d’un travail de m\u00e9moire et la cr\u00e9ation d’un fonds de solidarit\u00e9 de 300 millions de francs pour les victimes directes. Depuis 2015, une commission ind\u00e9pendante d’experts documente cette p\u00e9riode de l’histoire suisse, longtemps ignor\u00e9e. Ses travaux viennent d’\u00eatre publi\u00e9s aux Editions Alphil (Neuch\u00e2tel).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Christelle Gumy (directrice de recherche) d\u00e9crit les rouages de cette m\u00e9canique de \u00ab\u2009r\u00e9\u00e9ducation\u2009\u00bb: \u00ab\u2009L’internement administratif repr\u00e9sente le volet coercitif de l’assistance et participe d’un processus de s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation entre \u2039\u2009bons\u2009\u203a et \u2039\u2009mauvais\u2009\u203a pauvres. Il s’agit de r\u00e9-\u00e9duquer par le travail des personnes que l’on estime responsables de leur situation d’indigence\u2009\u00bb<\/em>. S’il y a eu des voix contestataires, elles sont rest\u00e9es minoritaires. \u00ab\u2009Il faut se rendre \u00e0 l’\u00e9vidence que cette pratique a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d’une large acceptation en Suisse\u2009\u00bb<\/em> (Migros Magaz<\/em>ine, n\u00ba\u200918, 29.9.2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co-autrice du rapport final, Lorraine Odier rel\u00e8ve l’accent mis sur le contr\u00f4le de la vie affective et relationnelle des femmes ainsi que les motifs d’internement souvent li\u00e9s, pour celles-ci, \u00e0 leur sexualit\u00e9. Une conclusion r\u00e9v\u00e9latrice: \u00ab\u2009Par rapport \u00e0 l’image de la Suisse, cette histoire nous montre aussi que la paix sociale et du travail a \u00e9t\u00e9 acquise au prix d’\u00e9normes souffrances humaines. Ce sont finalement les plus fragiles qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cibl\u00e9s par ces mesures\u2009\u00bb<\/em> (24 heures<\/em>, 1.7.2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La commission a aussi \u00e9mis une s\u00e9rie de recommandations, comme la cr\u00e9ation d’une Maison de l’autre Suisse ou des mesures compl\u00e9mentaires en faveur des victimes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hans-Peter Renk <\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":189,"template":"","tx_journal_issues":[19],"tx_journal_display":[],"class_list":["post-188","cpt_sj_article","type-cpt_sj_article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tx_journal_authors-renk-hans-peter","tx_journal_issues-357-2","tx_journal_sections-a-voir-a-ecouter-a-lire","tx_journal_sections-histoire"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa v\u00e9rit\u00e9 sur des d\u00e9cennies d'internement administratif - Solidarit\u00e9S Neuch\u00e2tel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/solidarites.ch\/ne\/journal\/357-2\/la-verite-sur-des-decennies-dinternement-administratif\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La v\u00e9rit\u00e9 sur des d\u00e9cennies d'internement administratif - Solidarit\u00e9S Neuch\u00e2tel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On estime qu’en Suisse, entre 1930 et 1981, 60\u2009000 personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 intern\u00e9es administrativement. 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